- Отрасли: Education
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A tax on income that is levied at the source, thus diverted to the government before the recipient of the income ever sees it. Used in international tax treaties to assist tax collection.
Industry:Economy
A group that is delegated to study an issue. Used by the WTO as a first step in considering a new issue that may later become the subject of negotiations.
Industry:Economy
A group of five closely associated international institutions providing loans and other development assistance to developing countries. The five institutions are IBRD, IDA, IFC, MIGA, and ICSID. As of July 2010, the largest of these, IBRD, had 187 member countries.
Industry:Economy
A self-described "independent, international organization incorporated as a Swiss not-for-profit foundation" that brings together leaders from business, government, academia, and civil society to seek solutions to the world's economic problems.
Industry:Economy
A global international organization that specifies and enforces rules for the conduct of international trade policies and serves as a forum for negotiations to reduce barriers to trade. Formed in 1995 as the successor to the GATT, it had 153 member countries as of July 2010.
Industry:Economy
A group of currencies, if it exists, whose values are tied more to the Japanese yen than to the US dollar.
Industry:Economy
A group of currencies, if it exists, whose values are tied more to the Chinese yuan than to the US dollar.
Industry:Economy
A situation in which profit in an industry is zero, usually as a result of free entry and exit. It may, if firms are not identical, refer only to the marginal firm. And it always means zero ''excess'' profit, not that all returns to capital invested in the industry are zero.
Industry:Economy
A game in which the payoffs to the players add up to zero, so that a gain for one is necessarily equaled by loss to others. Contrasts with positive sum game.
Industry:Economy
A unit of government charged with the administration of particular laws. In the United States, those most important for administering laws related to international trade are the ITC and ITA.
Industry:Economy
