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Founded in 1876, Texas A&M University is a U.S. public and comprehensive university offering a wide variety of academic programs far beyond its original label of agricultural and mechanical trainings. It is one of the few institutions holding triple federal designations as a land-, sea- and ...
A type of modulation of backscattered ripple waves measured by SAR that arises through variations in the energy of the Bragg backscattering ripples causes by hydrodynamic interactions betwen the short ripple waves and the longer waves.
Industry:Earth science
An expression, developed using the continuity equation, for water budget estimates in two-layer channels with different salinity values in each layer. It was first developed by Knudsen.
Industry:Earth science
A plot of the percentage of elevation and depth distribution on the continents and oceans, i.e. the representation of the statistical distribution of elevations over the entire planet. Such a curve was first prepared by Krümmel in 1897, with a more modern version prepared by Kossinna in the 1920s and 1930s.
Industry:Earth science
Large floating chunks of ice formed by the breaking off, i.e. calving of ice sheets at their seaward edges.
Industry:Earth science
A statistical procedure in which, in its simplest form, estimates are formed of a parameter based on a set of N observations by deleting each observation in turn to obtain, in addition to the usual estimate base d on N observations, N estimates each based on N-1 observations. Combinations of these give estimates of both bias and variance valid under a wide range of parent distributions. This method has deposed distribution-based methods in many applications due to its simplicity, its applicability in complicated situations, and its lack of distributional assumptions, resulting in greater reliability in practice.
Industry:Earth science
An ocean depth above which the intensity of photosynthetic assimiliation is greater than losses by respiration, and below which the reverse situation takes place where phytoplankton can exist only due to the organic matter that has been previously formed, i.e. due to conversion to heterotrophic nutrition.
Industry:Earth science
An elongated depression extending parallel to the shoreline and any longshore bars that are present and, like the longshore bars, there may be more than one present.
Industry:Earth science
In meteorology, a region of relatively low barometric pressure. These are characterized by upward moving air at altitude and convergence near the ground. These predominate in midlatitudes, i.e. around 40-50 . These are also known as cyclones and as such rotate clockwise/counterclockwise in the southern/northern hemisphere. Low pressure systems are generally characterized by clouds, precipitation, and occasionally thunderstorms, all of which are facilitated by the upward movement of moist air from near the ground.
Industry:Earth science
The upper portion of the transition zone in sediments between supersaturated (shallow) and undersaturated (deep) sediments in the ocean. The transition is between the burial and dissolution of CaCO3 sediments.
Industry:Earth science
A method for making isotope abundance measurements on gases in geochemical work. The instrument separates and detects ions on the basis of the motions of charged particles with different masses in magnetic or electrical fields.
Industry:Earth science
