- Отрасли: Education
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Harvard University is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. It was established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature and named after its first benefactor, John Harvard. Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University is an Ivy League university.
A general term referring to all known isotopes, both stable (~279) and unstable (~5000), of the chemical elements.
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The time required for a radioisotope to reduce activity by half.
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A container (usually lead) used to ship or store radioactive materials. The thick walls protect the person handling the container from radiation. Large containers are usually called casks.
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A radiation detection instrument in which an electronic system receives pulses that are proportional to the number of ions formed in a gas-filled tube/probe by ionizing radiation.
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The modifying factor that is used to derive dose equivalent from the absorbed dose. They vary for different radiation types and reflect the degree of biological effect.
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A period of time equal to one-fourth of the year observed by the licensee (approx. 13 consecutive weeks). Providing that the beginning of the first quarter in a year coincides with the starting date of the year and that no day is omitted or duplicated in consecutive quarters.
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The special unit of absorbed dose. One rad is equivalent to 100 ergs/gram or 0. 01 J/kg.
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Alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, x-rays, neutrons, high speed electrons, high speed protons, and other charged particles capable of producing ions. Radiation, as used in this context, does not include non-ionizing radiation, such as radio waves, microwaves, or visible, infrared, or ultraviolet light.
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An area, accessible to individuals, in which radiation levels could result in an individual receiving a dose equivalent in excess of 5 mrem in 1 hour at 30 cm from the radiation source or from any surface that the radiation penetrates.
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A device that detects and records the characteristics of ionizing radiation.
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