- Отрасли: Government
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That part of the valley side against which the dam is constructed. An artificial abutment is sometimes constructed, as a concrete gravity section, to take the thrust of an arch dam where there is no suitable natural abutment. The left and right abutments of dams are defined with the observer viewing the dam looking in the downstream direction, unless otherwise indicated.
Industry:Energy
A type of spillway gate consisting of a long hollow drum. The drum may be held in its raised position by the water pressure in a flotation chamber beneath the drum.
Industry:Energy
Physical geography that pertains to mountains and to features directly connected with mountains and their general effect on storm path and generation of rainfall.
Industry:Energy
The point on the earth's surface located vertically above the point where the first rupture and the first earthquake motion occur.
Industry:Energy
Resistance that reduces vibrations by energy absorption. There are different types of damping such as viscous, Coulomb, and geometric damping.
Industry:Energy
An embankment dam, usually built in stages, to create storage for the disposal of waste products from an industrial process. The waste products are conveyed as fine material suspended in water to the reservoir impounded by the embankment. The embankment may be built of conventional materials but sometimes incorporates suitable waste products.
Industry:Energy
The placement of rock bolts, untensioned rock dowels, prestressed rock anchors, or wire tendons in a rock mass to reinforce and mobilize the rock's natural competency to support itself.
Industry:Energy
A procedure to identify and quantify risks by establishing potential failure modes, providing numerical estimates of the likelihood of an event in a specified time period, and estimating the magnitude of the consequences. The risk analysis should include all potential events that would cause unintentional release of stored water from the reservoir.
Industry:Energy
Numerical values representing vibratory ground motion, such as particle acceleration, velocity, and displacement, frequency content, predominant period, spectral intensity, and a duration that define a design earthquake. (These may also be used in a more general sense for ground motion. )
Industry:Energy